Hyperpigmentation is when the skin appears dark, blotchy, and uneven in colour. It affects women and men of all ethnic groups, and features areas of darkened skin. Although it is most common in middle age and beyond, hyperpigmentation can also be seen in much younger clients. Directly caused by either overactive melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (melanotic hyperpigmentation), or a proliferation of the melanocytes themselves (melanocytotic hyperpigmentation), hyperpigmentation presents no medical threat. However, it can sometimes be a symptom of disease or illness. What’s more, individuals with facial hyperpigmentation may become so concerned with the aesthetic implications of the condition that depression and anxiety may ensue. Thus, the condition deserves serious attention, including a diligent approach to skin analysis coupled with a willingness to apply creative treatment approaches.
Causes of hyperpigmentation
Genetic makeup: Although almost everyone has the same amount of melanocytes, the amount and size of the melanosomes and melanin particles produced can differ immensely in humans, resulting in the different races of the world.
Exposure to UV radiation: Melanins have photochemical properties, which make them act to protect tissues and organs from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Nearly all the UV energy is transformed into harmless amounts of heat. By this process, the melanin reduces the generation of free radicals to a minimum and so prevents indirect DNA damage, which can produce malignant skin melanomas. Therefore, a suntan is basically the body’s protective response against internal skin damage.
Lentigines: These are commonly known as liver spots or age spots. Although they do become more prevalent with age—they are found on 90% of light-skinned individuals over the age of 60—they are not directly caused by the aging process. Rather, lentigines are related to UV exposure.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH): This occurs following skin injury from acne lesions, psoriasis, burns, friction and even certain professional skin care treatments. It begins to fade as the skin regenerates itself—a process that can take months or more. On the positive side, PIH generally responds well to treatment.
Melasma: This is caused by hormonal fluctuations, common, for example, during pregnancy, with thyroid dysfunction, and through use of birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy. It affects an estimated five to six million women in the United States alone and can often be difficult to treat.
Although not considered a main cause, certain illnesses, as well as the use of certain prescription medications, may cause hyperpigmentation.
Consultation
Consultation with one of our therapists will take place before the appropriate treatment course is recommended.
Treatments for Hyperpigmentation
GentleMax Laser – Laser Hair removal
Chemical Peels
Microdermabrasion
Fraxel Dual Laser
Dermapen micro-needling
Skincare Products
Home care products to enhance and maintain skin condition pre and post treatments.